The various codes of football can be grouped into two main classes of football: carrying codes like American football, Canadian football, Australian football, rugby union, and rugby league, where the ball is moved about the field while being held in the hands or thrown, and kicking codes such as Association football and Gaelic football, where the ball is moved primarily with the feet, and where handling is strictly limited.

Mulcaster's writings refer to teams ("sides" and "parties"), positions ("standings"), a referee ("judge over the parties") and a coach "(trayning maister)".

FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland.

Option C is the correct answer. The game played by Northeastern American Indians, which made use of net racquets to throw and catch a small ball is called lacrosse.

English public schools were the first to codify football games, and they devised the first offside rules during the late 18th century. In the earliest manifestations of these rules, players were "off their side" if they simply stood between the ball and the goal which was their objective. Players were not allowed to pass the ball forward, either by foot or by hand. They could only dribble with their feet, or advance the ball in a scrum or similar formation.

Willughby mentions tactics ("leaving some of their best players to guard the goal"); scoring ("they that can strike the ball through their opponents' goal first win") and the way teams were selected ("the players being equally divided according to their strength and nimbleness").

Francis Willughby's Book of Games from about 1660 includes the earliest known "law" of football: "they must not strike [an opponent's leg] higher than the ball".

In most codes of football, common skills include passing, tackling, evasion of tackles, catching, and kicking.

Mulcaster believed that organizing football into teams with positions and a referee, and avoiding violent body contact, could make the game less barbarous and more beneficial to the body.

Option B is the correct answer. Robert Brough-Smyth wrote the 1878 book "The Aborigines of Victoria" which includes an anecdote about Marn Grook.