A calorie is a unit of energy defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Thermal energy is also known as 'heat energy' or simply 'heat'.

Superficial expansion refers to the increase in area of a solid object due to heating. It occurs in all directions, unlike linear expansion which occurs only in one direction.

The coefficient of linear expansion is a measure of how much a material will expand or contract in length when its temperature changes. It is defined as the ratio of the change in length per unit length per degree Celsius of temperature change. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Convection is a process of heat transfer where heat is transferred through the movement of a fluid, such as air or water. This occurs when a heated fluid expands and rises, while a cooler fluid contracts and sinks, creating a circular motion that transfers heat.

Linear expansion refers to the increase or decrease in the length of an object due to changes in temperature. A metal rod increasing in length when heated is an example of linear expansion.

There will be a transfer of heat energy from the hot body to the cold body until a thermal equilibrium is established between them.

A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has only magnitude and no direction. Temperature is a scalar quantity as it only represents the degree of hotness of a body and does not have any direction associated with it.

Explanation: Glass has a higher coefficient of linear expansion compared to other materials, which makes it more susceptible to thermal expansion.