What is arithmetic operator in C?

• Assignment operators are used to assign the values to the variables.
• Assignment operators are =, +=, -=, /+, %= etc.

• Relational operators are used to find the relation between two variables. i.e. to compare the values of two variables in a C program.
• Relational operators are >, <, >=, <=, ==, !=

• Logical operators are used to perform logical operations on the given expressions.
• There are 3 logical operators in C language. They are,

1. logical AND (&&)
2. logical OR (||)
3. logical NOT (!)

• Bitwise operators are used to perform bit operations. Decimal values are converted into binary values which are the sequence of bits and bit wise operators work on these bits.
• Bit wise operators in C language are & (bitwise AND), | (bitwise OR), ~ (bitwise OR), ^ (XOR), << (left shift) and >> (right shift).

There are 3 types of decision making control statements in C language. They are,

1. if statements
2. if else statements
3. nested if statements

• Loop control statements in C are used to perform looping operations until the given condition is true. Control comes out of the loop statements once condition becomes false.
• There are 3 types of loop control statements in C language. They are,

1. for
2. while
3. do-while

• While loop is executed only when given condition is true.
• Whereas, do-while loop is executed for first time irrespective of the condition. After executing while loop for first time, then condition is checked.

• Pre increment operator is used to increment variable value by 1 before assigning the value to the variable.
• Post increment operator is used to increment variable value by 1 after assigning the value to the variable.

• Pre decrement operator is used to decrement variable value by 1 before assigning the value to the variable.
• Post decrement operator is used to decrement variable value by 1 after assigning the value to the variable.

• * Operator is used as pointer to a variable. Example: * a where * is pointer to the variable a.
• & operator is used to get the address of the variable. Example: &a will give address of a.

Explanation

Practical Example

The address-of operator (&) in C is used to get the memory address of a variable. Here is an example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int x = 5;
    printf("The memory address of x is: %p\n", &x);
    return 0;
}

In this example, the variable x is initialized with the value of 5, and the address of x is printed using the address-of operator and the %p format specifier. The output would be something like "The memory address of x is: 0x7ffc6f9a6b24"

The dereference operator * in C is used to get the value stored at a memory address. Here is an example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int x = 5;
    int *ptr = &x;
    printf("The value of x is: %d\n", *ptr);
    return 0;
}

In this example, the variable x is initialized with the value of 5, the memory address of x is stored in ptr and finally, the value stored at the memory address of x is printed using the dereference operator * and the %d format specifier. The output would be something like "The value of x is: 5"