Q: What is the tonicity of the fluid in the descending limb of the loop of Henle relative to the capillaries?  

Answer: D

The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water but not solutes. As the filtrate flows down the descending limb, it becomes more and more concentrated because water moves out of the tubule and into the surrounding interstitial fluid by osmosis. This results in the fluid becoming hypertonic relative to the capillaries. In contrast, the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water, but actively pumps out ions, resulting in the fluid becoming hypotonic relative to the capillaries.

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