Q: Which structures make up the basal ganglia?  

Answer: A

The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei that play a crucial role in motor control and reward learning. The basal ganglia comprise several structures, including the caudate nucleus, the putamen, and the globus pallidus. These structures are involved in regulating voluntary movements, including starting, stopping, and adjusting movement patterns. The caudate nucleus and putamen, together known as the striatum, receive input from different areas of the cerebral cortex and transmit signals to the globus pallidus, which in turn sends output to the thalamus and brainstem to regulate movement. Dysfunction of the basal ganglia can lead to motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and dystonia.

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